KEBIMBANGAN IDENTITAS : SASTRA MUSLIM TURKI DAN SASTRA MUSLIM IMIGRAN DI EROPA DAN AMERIKA
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
This research explores the theme of identity ambiguity in literary works produced by Muslim writers from Turkey and Muslim immigrants in Europe and America, focusing on Muhammad Asad (“Road to Mecca”), Imamu Amiri Baraka (“Some Poems of Imamu Amiri Baraka”), and Abdulrazak Gurnah. These three authors describe their struggles in reconciling their Islamic identity with the different Western cultural environment. Asad through his narrative shows a complex spiritual transformation, attempting to find new meaning in Islam amidst a Western identity crisis. Baraka articulates African-American Muslim identity experiences in the context of political and social struggles, while Gurnah writes about diasporic experiences and postcolonial identity tensions. Important differences emerge when compared to non-Muslim works such as Washington Irving (“Alhambra”) who presents a romanticized narrative of Islam in the past, without internal identity struggles. Similarly, Annemarie Schimmel (“I am the Wind, You are the Fire”) focuses more on the mysticism and spirituality dimensions of Islam without centering on modern identity conflicts. This study concludes that the vacillation between two identities-Islam and the West-is a central theme in the works of Muslim writers, who present diverse approaches to spiritual, social and cultural issues in the modern world.
Keywords: Literature, Identity, Muslim Literature, Balance.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi tema kebimbangan identitas dalam karya sastra yang dihasilkan oleh para penulis Muslim dari Turki dan imigran Muslim di Eropa dan Amerika, dengan fokus pada Muhammad Asad ("Road to Mecca"), Imamu Amiri Baraka ("Some Poems of Imamu Amiri Baraka"), dan Abdulrazak Gurnah. Ketiga penulis ini menggambarkan perjuangan mereka dalam mendamaikan identitas keislaman dengan lingkungan budaya Barat yang berbeda. Asad melalui narasinya menunjukkan transformasi spiritual yang kompleks, berupaya menemukan makna baru dalam Islam di tengah krisis identitas Barat. Baraka mengartikulasikan pengalaman identitas Muslim Afrika-Amerika dalam konteks perjuangan politik dan sosial, sedangkan Gurnah menulis tentang pengalaman diaspora dan ketegangan identitas postkolonial. Perbedaan penting muncul ketika dibandingkan dengan karya non- Muslim seperti Washington Irving ("Alhambra") yang menyajikan narasi romantisme tentang Islam di masa lalu, tanpa pergulatan identitas internal. Begitu pula, Annemarie Schimmel ("Akulah Angin, Engkaulah Api") lebih fokus pada dimensi mistisisme dan spiritualitas Islam tanpa memusatkan pada konflik identitas modern. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kebimbangan antara dua identitas Islam dan Barat menjadi tema sentral dalam karya penulis Muslim, yang menampilkan beragam pendekatan terhadap persoalan spiritual, sosial, dan budaya di dunia modern.
Kata Kunci : Karya Sastra, Identitas, Sastra Muslim, Keseimbangan.
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