PERAN KEPALA GAMPONG (KEUCHIK) SEBAGAI MEDIATORDALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PERTANAHAN DI KECAMATAN SINGKIL

Abstract

Permasalahan sengketa tanah menjadi isu penting yang harus segera diselesaikan untuk menciptakan rasa aman dan nyaman di masyarakat desa. Kepala gampong (keuchik) memiliki peran utama sebagai mediator dalam menyelesaikan konflik ini, sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2024 tentang Desa dan Qanun Kabupaten Aceh Singkil Nomor 7 Tahun 2015 tentang Pemerintahan Kampung. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji peran kepala gampong sebagai mediator, mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa tanah, serta kendala yang dihadapi dalam proses mediasi di wilayah kerjanya.Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis empiris dengan data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dan kuisioner dari pemerintah desa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses mediasi oleh kepala gampong di Desa Selok Aceh dan Teluk Ambun, Kecamatan Singkil, berjalan dengan baik. Tahapan mediasi meliputi penyelesaian awal oleh kepala dusun, dilanjutkan dengan kepala desa, tahap mediasi, dan akhirnya keputusan. Kendala utama dalam mediasi berasal dari ego masyarakat setempat yang dapat menghambat proses tersebut. Secara keseluruhan, kepala gampong telah melaksanakan tugasnya sesuai undang-undang. Namun, untuk meningkatkan efektivitas mediasi, disarankan agar pemerintah desa membekali diri dan masyarakat dengan pelatihan penyelesaian sengketa melalui tenaga ahli hukum. Selain itu, masyarakat diharapkan dapat menurunkan ego demi kelancaran proses mediasi. Pemerintah desa juga disarankan membuat administrasi resmi berupa berita acara keputusan damai dan menyediakan ruang khusus untuk mediasi agar proses berjalan lebih optimal.

Land disputes are a critical issue that must be resolved promptly to ensure a sense of security and comfort within village communities. The village head (keuchik) plays a central role as a mediator in resolving such conflicts, as mandated by Law Number 3 of 2024 concerning Villages and Qanun of Aceh Singkil Regency Number 7 of 2015 concerning Village Governance. This study aims to examine the role of the village head as a mediator, the mechanisms for resolving land disputes, and the challenges faced during the mediation process in their jurisdiction. The study employs an empirical juridical method, gathering data through observations, interviews, and questionnaires with the village government. The findings reveal that the mediation process led by the village head in Selok Aceh and Teluk Ambun Villages, Singkil District, has been conducted effectively. The mediation stages include initial resolution attempts by the hamlet head, escalation to the village head, the mediation process, and the final decision. The main obstacle during mediation arises from the ego of local community members, which can hinder the process. Overall, the village head has performed their duties in accordance with existing laws. However, to enhance the effectiveness of mediation, it is recommended that village governments equip themselves and the community with training in dispute resolution facilitated by legal experts. Additionally, the community is encouraged to lower individual egos to ensure a smoother mediation process. Village governments are also advised to document resolutions through official minutes of reconciliation decisions and to provide a dedicated mediation room to optimize the process.