UJI EFEK ANTIPIRETIK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MURBEI (Morus nigra L.) TERHADAP MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN YANG DI INDUKSI PEPTON TESTING THE ANTIPYRETIC EFFECT OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF MURBEI LEAF (Morus nigra L.) ON PEPTON INDUCED MALE MICE

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Daun murbei (Morus nigra L.) merupakan family Moraceae telah banyak di manfaatkan oleh masyarakat dalam pengobatan alami. Daun murbei (Morus nigra L.) banyak mengandung senyawa kimia seperti flavonoid sehingga di duga memiliki potensi untuk antipiretik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa metabolit skunder yang terkandung dalam daun murbei (Morus nigra L.) dan untuk mengetahui efektivitas antipiretik. Ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental. Tahapan penelitian ini meliputi pembuatan ekstrak etanol daun murbei (Morus nigra L.) menggunakan metode maserasi, skrining fitokimia, karakterisasi dan pengujian efek antipiretik ekstrak etanol daun murbei terhadap mencit putih jantan (Mus musculus) sebanyak 25 ekor yang dibagi ke dalam 5 kelompok secara acak. Kelompok 1 kontrol negatif, kelompok 2 kontrol positif, kelompok 3 diberi Suspensi Ekstrak etanol daun murbei (Morus nigra L.) dosis 100 mg/kg BB, kelompok ke 4 dosis 200 mg/kgBB, kelompok 5 dosis 300 mg/kgBB. Pengamatan dilakukan selang waktu 30 menit selama 3 jam, lalu dihitung penurunan suhu tubuh. Kemudian dilakukan analisis statistic dengan uji ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa simplisia dan ekstrak etanol daun murbei (Morus nigra L.) mengandung golongan senyawa kimia seperti alkaloid, glikosida, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan steroid. Dari hasil efektivitas ekstrak etanol daun murbei pada dosis 300 mg/kg BB memiliki efektivitas yang sangat kuat kemudian hasil tukey HSD dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun murbei pada dosis 100mg/kgBB, 200mg/kgBB dan 300mg/kgBB tidak memberikan signifikan dengan paracetamol.

Kata Kunci : Antipiretik, Daun Murbei, Flavonoid, Suhu, Mencit Putih Jantan

ABSTRACT

Mulberry leaves (Morus nigra L.) belong to the Moraceae family has been widely used by the community in natural medicine. Mulberry leaves (Morus nigra L.). The compound content in mulberry leaves contains flavonoid compounds so that it is suspected to have antipyretic potential. The purpose of this study was to determine the class of secondary metabolites contained in mulberry leaves (Morus nigra L.) and to determine the effectiveness of antipyretics. This research is an experimental research.The stages of this study included the preparation of ethanol extract of mulberry leaves (Morus nigra L.) using the maceration method, phytochemical screening, characterization and testing of the antipyretic effect of ethanol extract of mulberry leaves on 25 male white mice (Mus musculus), divided into 5 groups randomly. . Group 1 was negative control, group 2 was positive control, group 3 was given 100 mg/kg BW ethanol extract suspension of mulberry leaves (Morus nigra L.), 4th group 200 mg/kg BW, 5th group 300 mg/kg BW. Observations were made by measuring the body temperature of male white mice at intervals of 30 minutes for 3 hours, then calculating the decrease in body temperature. Then statistical analysis was carried out with the ANOVA test.The results showed that the simplicia and ethanol extract of mulberry leaves (Morus nigra L.). From the results of antipyretic effectiveness, it showed that the ethanol extract of mulberry leaves at a dose of 300 mg/kg BW had very strong effectiveness and the results of tukey HSD could be concluded that the ethanol extract of mulberry leaves at doses of 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW and 300 mg/kgBW did not give a significant effect on paracetamol.

Keywords: Antipyretic, Mulberry Leaf, Flavonoid, Temperature, Male White Mice