PENGARUH PENERAPAN METODE DISCOVERY LEARNING TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN SISWA TENTANG SEJARAH PERKEMBANGAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA KELAS XII SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 10 RANTAU PRAPAT TAHUN PELAJARAN 2023/2024
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Abstract
Education is a process of changing the attitudes and behavior of an individual or group of people in maturing humans through teaching and training efforts. This research is motivated by the problem that arises in learning, which is the low learning outcomes of students due to the learning process still being educator-centered or the methods used to be less varied. At SMA Muhammadiyah 10 Rantau Prapat, the learning outcomes of Islamic religious education are still relatively low. Therefore, the researcher used the Discovery Learning Method to determine the influence of the application of the Discovery Learning Method on students' understanding of the history of Islamic development in grade XII of SMA Muhammadiyah 10 Rantau Prapat. The type of research conducted is experimental research of a quantitative nature. The research design used a factorial experiment, which is a design that considers the existence of a moderate variable affecting a treatment. The researcher took a sample of this research consisting of two classes, namely class XII Science as the experimental class and class XII Social Science as the control class, each with 36 students. The results of this study indicate that there is a difference in students' understanding of the history of Islamic development between students who learn using the discovery learning method and those who learn using direct instruction at SMA Muhammadiyah 10 Rantau Prapat. This can be seen from the value of FA = 16.27 and Ftable = 3.99 with a significance level of 0.05. Since FA = 16.27 > Ftable = 3.99, Ha is accepted, and Ho is rejected. From the average post-test scores of the experimental class and the control class, it is known that the average post-test score of the experimental class is higher than the average score of the control class, or the experimental class > control class, which is 90.00 > 83.53. This indicates that learning using the discovery learning method is better than direct instruction in training students' understanding of the history of Islamic development.
Pendidikan merupakan proses pengubahan sikap dan tata laku seseorang, dan kelompok orang dalam mendewasakan manusia melalui upaya pengajaran dan pelatihan. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh permasalahan yang muncul dalam pembelajaran yaitu rendahnya hasil belajar peserta didik, dikarenakan proses pembelajaran masih berpusat pada pendidik atau metode yang digunakan kurang bervariasi. Di SMA Muhammadiyah 10 Rantau Prapat, hasil belajar pendidikan agama Islam masih terbilang rendah. Oleh sebab itu peneliti menggunakan Metode Discovery Learning, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Penerapan Metode Discovery Learning terhadap Pemahaman siswa tentang Sejarah perkembangan Islam kelas XII SMA Muhammadiyah 10 Rantau Prapat. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian eksperimen yang bersifat kuantitatif. Desain penelitian menggunakan factorial experiment yaitu, suatu desain yang memperhatikan adanya variabel moderat yang mempengaruhi suatu perlakuan. Peneliti mengambil sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari dua kelas, yaitu kelas XII IPA sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XII IPS sebagai kelas kontrol dengan masing-masing jumlah siswa 36 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pemahaman siswa tentang perkembangan sejarah Islam antara siswa yang belajar menggunakan metode discovery learning dengan siswa yang belajar menggunakan pembelajaran langsung di SMA Muhammadiyah 10 Rantau Prapat. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai ???????? = 16,27 dan ???????????????????????? = 3,99 dengan taraf signifikan = 0,05. Karena ???????? = 16,27 > ???????????????????????? = 3,99, maka Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Dari hasil nilai rata-rata posttes kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol, diketahui bahwa nilai rata-rata posttest kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada nilai rata-rata kelas kontrol atau kelas eksperimen > kelas kontrol yaitu 90,00 > 83,53. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran yang menggunakan metode discovery learning lebih baik daripada pembelajaran langsung dalam melatih kemampuan pemahaman siswa tentang sejarah perkembangan Islam.
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