INTEGRITAS KECERDASAN BUATAN AI DAMPAK PEMBELAJARAN PAI: PELUANG, TANTANGAN, DAN IMPLIKASI ETIS DI ERA DIGITAL
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Abstract
Industry 4.0 and the acceleration of the digital era are driving fundamental transformation in education, including Islamic Religious Education (PAI), through the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The issue raised is how PAI can adapt to this technological innovation, considering that AI offers revolutionary potential while presenting unique challenges related to value intake, content validity, algorithm bias, and infrastructure and educator readiness. The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the opportunities, challenges, and ethical implications of the integration of AI in PAI learning in the digital age. The research methods used are literature search and conceptual analysis. The results achieved show that AI offers significant opportunities such as personalization of learning through adaptive platforms that improve learning outcomes, immersive experiences with Virtual Reality (VR) for understanding Islamic history and values, and administrative efficiency through Automation of evaluations. However, key challenges include limited infrastructure and costs, technical and pedagogical readiness of teachers, the risk of distortion of religious content, and the limitations of AI in supporting affective-spiritual aspects. Crucial ethical implications include the privacy of student data, the potential shift in the role of teachers from holistic educators, algorithmic biases that can exacerbate injustice, the risk of student dependency that hinders critical thinking, and the need for transparency and accountability of AI systems that are aligned with Islamic ethical principles such as maqāṣid al-sharīʿah. The novelty of this research lies in an in-depth and comprehensive conceptual and ethical mapping specific to the integration of AI in PAI, with an emphasis on the Islamic ethical framework. The recommendations put forward are the need to develop a responsible, innovative, and effective AI implementation strategy, ensure that technology strengthens Islamic ethical values and the humanistic-spiritual dimension of PAI, and encourage multidisciplinary collaboration between technology experts, educators, and scholars.
Industri 4.0 dan percepatan era digital mendorong transformasi fundamental dalam pendidikan, termasuk Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI), melalui integrasi Kecerdasan Buatan (AI). Masalah yang diangkat adalah bagaimana PAI dapat beradaptasi dengan inovasi teknologi ini, mengingat AI menawarkan potensi revolusioner sekaligus menghadirkan tantangan unik terkait penanaman nilai, validitas konten, bias algoritma, serta kesiapan infrastruktur dan pendidik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan analisis komprehensif mengenai peluang, tantangan, dan implikasi etis dari integrasi AI dalam pembelajaran PAI di era digital. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelusuran literatur dan analisis konseptual. Hasil yang dicapai menunjukkan bahwa AI menawarkan peluang signifikan seperti personalisasi pembelajaran melalui platform adaptif yang meningkatkan hasil belajar, pengalaman imersif dengan Virtual Reality (VR) untuk pemahaman sejarah dan nilai Islam, serta efisiensi administratif melalui otomatisasi evaluasi. Namun, tantangan utama meliputi keterbatasan infrastruktur dan biaya, kesiapan guru secara teknis dan pedagogis, risiko distorsi konten keagamaan, dan keterbatasan AI dalam mendukung aspek afektif-spiritual. Implikasi etis yang krusial mencakup privasi data siswa, potensi pergeseran peran guru dari pendidik holistik, bias algoritmik yang dapat memperparah ketidakadilan, risiko ketergantungan siswa yang menghambat pemikiran kritis, serta perlunya transparansi dan akuntabilitas sistem AI yang selaras dengan prinsip etika Islam seperti maqāṣid al-sharīʿah. Kebaharuan penelitian ini terletak pada pemetaan konseptual dan etis yang mendalam dan komprehensif khusus untuk integrasi AI dalam PAI, dengan penekanan pada kerangka etika Islam. Rekomendasi yang diajukan adalah perlunya pengembangan strategi implementasi AI yang bertanggung jawab, inovatif, dan efektif, memastikan teknologi memperkuat nilai-nilai etika Islam dan dimensi humanistik-spiritual PAI, serta mendorong kolaborasi multidisipliner antara pakar teknologi, pendidik, dan ulama.
Kata kunci : Kecerdasan Buatan; Pendidikan Agama Islam; Pembelajaran Digital; Peluang AI; Tantangan AI; Implikasi Etis AI; Personalisasi Pembelajaran; Platform Pembelajaran Adaptif; Virtual Reality; Validitas Konten Keagamaan; Kesiapan Guru; Infrastruktur Digital; Privasi Data; Peran Guru; Bias Algoritma; Ketergantungan Teknologi; Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah; Etika Islam.
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