IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM SEBAGAI MEDIA PENCEGAHAN RADIKALISME DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS (SMA)
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Abstract
Radikalisme di kalangan remaja menjadi tantangan serius bagi keberagaman dan stabilitas sosial di Indonesia. Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) di Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) memiliki peran strategis dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai moderasi guna mencegah penyebaran ideologi ekstrem. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi PAI sebagai media pencegahan radikalisme dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif melalui studi kasus multiple di beberapa SMA. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif dan analisis dokumen guna mengevaluasi efektivitas kurikulum, metode pembelajaran, serta pengaruh lingkungan sekolah terhadap pemahaman siswa mengenai moderasi beragama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sekolah yang mengadopsi pendekatan berbasis Wasathiyyah dalam PAI lebih efektif dalam membentuk sikap toleran dan inklusif siswa dibandingkan dengan sekolah yang masih menerapkan metode konvensional. Selain itu, metode pembelajaran berbasis diskusi, studi kasus, dan experiential learning terbukti lebih berhasil dalam meningkatkan kesadaran siswa terhadap bahaya radikalisme dibandingkan dengan metode ceramah satu arah. Namun, tantangan utama dalam implementasi PAI berbasis moderasi meliputi keterbatasan kebijakan pendidikan, resistensi dari kelompok tertentu, serta pengaruh radikalisasi digital melalui media sosial. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan reformasi kebijakan pendidikan yang mendukung integrasi nilai moderasi dalam kurikulum, peningkatan kapasitas guru melalui pelatihan profesional, serta penguatan literasi digital di kalangan siswa guna menangkal pengaruh ekstremisme daring. Dengan pendekatan ini, PAI dapat berfungsi secara optimal dalam membangun generasi yang moderat, toleran, dan memiliki kesadaran kritis terhadap ideologi radikal.
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